Updated Chronology of Post-G7 Meetings
February 14, 2009
A statement by G-7 central bankers and finance ministers after meeting on Friday and Saturday called the global downturn and financial crisis “ongoing and severe, reviewed the multi-dimensional policy attack on the problem done thus far, promised continuing monetary and fiscal measures, laid out four principles to guide fiscal stimulus, declared a joint commitment to avoiding protectionist measures, reiterated support for completing the stalled Doha round of multilateral trade talks, praised non-G-7 governments especially China for their “prompt macroeconomic responses” and pledged credit and trade financing access of developing economies, and agreed to to promote reform of the IMF to equip that institution with tools to handle current problems.
In the area of foreign exchange policy, language about the Chinese yuan was unexpectedly less provocative after U.S. Treasury Secretary’s earlier insinuations that Beijing might be manipulating its currency. None of the G-7 currencies was mentioned. Since the Group met in October, the dollar had advanced 18.6% against sterling and 4.2% against the euro, but it had weakened by a further 8.3% against the yen. The paragraph dealing with G-7 currencies reverted to language essentially used before. Officials clearly do not want to unnerve jittery markets any more than they already are. There is no suggestion of currency market intervention, and the possibility of such in coming weeks will be considered diminished. It’s possible that markets may want to test the pound’s downside vulnerability or attempt to lift the yen through the key 90 per dollar barrier when trading resumes next week.
| 02/14/09 Rome | “We reaffirm our shared interest in a strong and stable international financial system. Excess volatility and disorderly movements in exchange rates have adverse implications for economic and financial stability. We continue to monitor exchange markets closely and cooperate as appropriate.” “…we welcome China’s fiscal measures and continued commitment to move to a more flexible exchange rate, which should lead to continued appreciation of the Renminbi in effective terms and help promote more balanced growth in China and the world economy.” | Oil $37.51 EUR 1.2867 YEN 91.99 |
| 10/10/08 Washington |
Officials issued a statement of atypical length and specificity that abandoned the usual discussion of economic conditions and prospects and excluded any paragraph on currency market policy. The communique promised “urgent and exceptional action” to support bank recapitalisation and market liquidity and to promote lending, depositor insurance, and the health of secondary markets for mortgages and securitized assets. In this more coordinated process, officials pledged not to take steps that would harm other economies and endorsed a critical continuing role for the IMF. | Oil $79.94 EUR 1.341 YEN 100.3 |
| 04//11/08 Washington | Replaced two sentences of FX section stating a desire for parities to reflect fundamentals and not show excessive volatility with the following more sharply worded protest: “We reaffirm our shared interest in a strong and stable international financial system. Since our last meeting, there have been at times sharp fluctuations in major currencies, and we are concerned about their possible implications for economic and financial stability.” Wording on the yuan was same as in February. No explicit mention of the euro, dollar, or yen. | OIL $110.14 EUR 1.583 YEN 100.8 |
| 02/09/08 Tokyo | Meeting focused upon global slowdown, not forex issues, and policy responses to such. Effort made to present solidarity but did not unveil immediate actions. Comment on yuan softened by substituting word “encourage” for phrase “stress its need to allow.” No other changes made to forex policy paragraph. ECB’s Trichet quelled talk of an ECB near-term rate cut. Bank of Canada Governor Carney: more easing is likely. | OIL $91.77 EUR 1.451 YEN 107.3 |
| 10/19/07 Washington | No mention of dollar, yen, or euro. Same first 3 sentences in forex policy paragraph but modified language on yuan to read “We welcome China’s decision to increase the flexibility of its currency, but in view of its rising current account surplus and domestic inflation, we stress its need to allow an accelerated appreciation of its effective exchange rate.” | OIL $88.60 EUR 1.430 YEN 114.5 |
| 04/13/07 Washington | Identical exchange rate paragraph used as in the Essen statement, with no explicit mention of yen, yuan, dollar, or euro. Expressed a little more optimism about G7 growth, but country-specific comments were similar to the February communique. Deleted praise for Chinese reforms. | OIL $63.63 EUR 1.353 YEN 119.1 |
| 02/10/07 Essen | “We reaffirm that exchange rates should reflect economic fundamentals. Excess volatility and disorderly movements in exchange rates are undesirable for economic growth. In emerging economies with large and growing current account surpluses, especially China, it is desirable that their effective exchange rates move so that necessary adjustments will occur.” No explicit reference to the yen. Upbeat comments about growth outlook. | OIL $59.89 EUR 1.300 YEN 121.8 |
| 09/16/06 Singapore | Same currency market policy paragraph as used in April 2006. Chinese officials offered no more specific promises on yuan flexibility timetable. In later remarks, European officials said the yen should appreciate. More moderate U.S. growth was predicted, but the global outlook was called positive. | OIL $63.40 EUR 1.265 YEN 117.5 |
| 04/21/06 Was hington |
Same first 3 sentences in paragraph dealing with FX. Then, “Greater exchange rate flexibility is desirable in emerging economies with large current account surpluses, especially China, for necessary adjustments to occur.” Made recommendations for a shared attack on global imbalances. Called expansion outlook favorable and inflation contained. | OIL $75.17 EUR 1.234 YEN 116.6 |
| 12/03/05 London | Kept standard 3-sentence expression of FX policy. Changed yuan comment to “we expect that further flexible implementation of China’s currency system would improve the functioning and stability of the global economy and the international monetary system.” Upgraded growth outlook to “solid” but broadened risk from oil to “possibility of increasing inflationary pressures.” | OIL $59.32 EUR 1.172 YEN 120.5 |
| 09/23/05 Washington | First 3 sentences of FX paragraph are the same. Welcomed Beijing decision to pursue greater flexibility in FX regime and “expects the development of this more market-oriented system…” Global economy continues to expand, but future risks have increased and become more numerous. Such include higher energy prices, growing global imbalances, and protectionism. | OIL $64.19 EUR 1.292 YEN 107.8 |
| 04/16/05 Washington | Fifth consecutive G7 statement to invoke same 4-sentence FX paragraph adopted initially in February 2004. Trichet said the call for FX flexibility meant for all “emerging Asian nations with restrictive FX policies,” not just China. The Chinese did not attend. | OIL $50.49 EURO 1.292 YEN 107.8 |
| 02/05/05 London | No change in FX paragraph. The head of the People’s Bank of China denied any timetable for a yuan revaluation. G7 claimed global growth is more moderate than in prior October but is “expected to remain robust for 2005. “Inflation “remains subdued.” U.S. committed to fiscal consolidation, Europe and Japan to further structural reform. | OIL $46.48 EUR 1.287 YEN 104.1 |
| 10/01/04 Washington | Same FX paragraph for a third straight time. “Oil prices remain high and are a risk. So first we call on oil producers to provide adequate supplies to ensure that prices moderate. Second, it is important for consumers and producers that oil markets function efficiently, and we encourage the IEA to enhance its work on oil data transparency.” | OIL $50.12 EUR 1.240 YEN 110.5 |
| 04/24/04 Washington | Identical 4-sentence paragraph on FX policy to that in the Boca Raton G7 statement. FX should reflect fundamentals. Excessive FX volatility and disorder are undesirable. G7 to cooperate on FX. Urged flexible FX regimes where lacking. | OIL $36.46 EUR 1.830 YEN 109.1 |
| 02/07/04 Boca Raton | No deletions but two inserts made to clarify what some felt was a market “misinterpreta-tion” of Dubai’s message on FX policy. Added the following after Dubai’s first sentence: “excess volatility and disorderly movements in exchange rates are undesirable for economic growth.” Final sentence now reads “…areas that lack such flexibility in FX rates to promote…” | OIL $32.48 EUR 1.270 YEN 105.5 |
| 09/20/03 Dubai | “Exchange rates should reflect fundamentals. We continue to monitor exchange rates closely and cooperate as appropriate in this context. We emphasize that more flexibility in exchange rates is desirable for major countries or economic areas to promote smooth and widespread adjustments in the international financial system, based on market mechanisms.” | OIL $27.03 EUR 1.137 YEN 114.0 |
| 04/12/03 Washington | “Growth in most of our economies has been subdued, though uncertainties have diminished…We will respond as needed to developments in the economic environment. We will continue to monitor exchange markets closely and cooperate as appropriate.” No specific currency misalignments or policies were mentioned. | OIL $28.00 EUR 1.075 YEN 120.5 |
| 02/22/03 Paris | While affirming confidence in the underlying strength of their economies, officials, “recognize the imperative for higher growth rates and resolve to take steps to achieve this result.” ECB president Duisenberg hinted a near-term rate cut may be in the works, but the statement’s policy commitments were broad and unlikely to impress traders. Language used on Forex was standard stuff. | OIL $35.58 EUR 1.077 YEN 118.7 |
| 09/27/02 Washington | Aside from a pledge “to monitor exchange markets closely and cooperate as appropriate,” statement did not comment on recent countries. “Economic growth is continuing, though at a more moderate pace than earlier this year. Risks remain.” | OIL $30.45 EUR 0.981 YEN 122.6 |
| 04/20/02 Washington | Fifth straight statement to avoid discussion of specific currencies and to merely include standard language about monitoring markets and cooperating as appropreate… “Each of us has an aongoing responsibility to implement sound macroeconomic policies and structural reforms to sustain recovery.” |
OIL $26.40 EUR 0.892 YEN 130.3 |
| 02/09/02 Ottawa | Standard clause about monitoring forex and cooperating as appropriate but no further remarks about any particular currency. “Prospects have generally strengthened for resumed expansion… We remain vigilant and will each continue to take appropriate steps to promote a sustained recovery.” Discussed Argentinal and Enron. U.S. Treasury Secretary O’neill said the G7 was satisfied with Japan’s progress. | OIL $35.58 EUR 0.872 YEN 134.7 |
| 10/06/01 Washington | Meeting less than one month after the 9/11 attacks, no currencies were cited. “We will continue to monitor exchange markets closely and cooperate as appropriate.” O’neill “understands” why BOJ intervened heavily in September. G7 determined to “bring forward measures to increase economic growth and preserve the health of our financial markets.” | OIL $ 29.60 EUR 0.918 YEN 120.5 |
Copyright 2009 Larry Greenberg. All rights reserved. No secondary distribution without express permission.
Tags: Chinese Yuan, G7
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